Diabetes can be prevented.

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Diabetes is one of the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) related to abnormal body metabolism, causing high blood sugar levels, which can lead to complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinal degeneration, chronic kidney disease, and neuropathy. โปรโมชั่นพิเศษจาก UFABET สมัครตอนนี้ รับโบนัสทันที There are 4 types of diabetes, but 90% of all diabetic patients have type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is a type of diabetes that results from insulin resistance. The body is unable to respond to the hormone insulin effectively, causing less sugar to enter cells, leading to high blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of factors, including: 

1. Obesity

Diabetes is a condition in which the body has accumulated fat that exceeds the specified standard. Men have more than 28% fat and women more than 32%. The accumulation of fat causes inflammation in the body to increase, resulting in insulin resistance. If the Body Mass Index (BMI) increases by 2 kg/m2, the risk of diabetes in men will increase by 23% and in women it will increase by up to 27%.

2. Poor sleep

Research has found that people who sleep less than four hours a day have a 40% slower blood sugar clearance and a 30% reduced insulin response to sugar compared to people who get enough sleep. Therefore, people who have poor sleep quality and fewer hours of sleep are at increased risk for diabetes. 

3. Smoking

Smokers are 30-40% more likely to develop diabetes than non-smokers. Increased nicotine levels in the body cause the muscles to use less sugar, and the more you smoke, the higher your risk of developing diabetes. However, even after quitting, the risk of type 2 diabetes remains for up to 10 years. 

4. Lack of exercise

This results in decreased insulin sensitivity and impaired glucose tolerance, as well as a tendency to gain weight due to inactivity.

5. Depression

It is associated with neurotransmitters and inflammation that cause insulin resistance, as well as increased secretion of the stress hormone (Cortisol), which results in increased blood sugar levels. 

6. Hyperlipidemia

The increase in bad LDL cholesterol and the decrease in good HDL cholesterol leads to impaired beta cell function, resulting in decreased insulin secretion.

7. High blood pressure

Increases the function of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in a decrease in the body’s absorption of sugar. This is the reason why insulin resistance gradually increases until it develops into diabetes.

8. Increasing age

The elderly body has decreased muscle mass and increased fat accumulation, causing chronic inflammation that leads to insulin resistance.

9. Nationality

Compared with whites, Asians and blacks have an increased risk of diabetes. Although the exact explanation is unknown, it may be related to genetic, physical and environmental factors, lower average body mass index and fat storage, and lower insulin sensitivity than whites.

10. Family history of diabetes.

Reflecting genetic and environmental factors, those with a family history of diabetes have a risk that is approximately twofold increased, but if it is a first-degree relative, the risk increases as much as 11-fold. Furthermore, those with a BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m² and a family history of diabetes have a risk that increases 26-fold, while those with the same BMI but no family history of diabetes have a risk that increases only 6-fold.

While we can’t change our genetics, we can change environmental factors to help prevent diabetes. A 2002 study by the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) looked at the effects of lifestyle changes that reduced the risk of diabetes by 58%, compared with a 31% reduction in the risk using the diabetes drug Metformin.